Spain Facts for Kids: Geography, Regions & Landmarks

Spain is a country in south-western Europe with mainland territory on the Iberian Peninsula, island groups in the Mediterranean and Atlantic, and two autonomous cities in North Africa. These Spain facts for kids cover geography, population, government, languages and landmarks.

Explore more country pages in our Geography Facts for Kids hub.

Quick Spain Facts for Kids

1. The official name is the Kingdom of Spain.
2. Madrid is the capital.
3. Spanish, also called Castilian, is the official language throughout Spain.
4. Other languages are co-official in some autonomous communities.
5. The euro is the currency.
6. Spain’s population reached 49,801,559 on July 1, 2026, according to INE provisional data.
7. Spain has 17 autonomous communities and two autonomous cities.

Geography Facts

8. Most of Spain is on the Iberian Peninsula.
9. Spain borders Portugal and France.
10. The Pyrenees form a major mountain barrier between Spain and France.
11. Spain includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea.
12. The Canary Islands are in the Atlantic Ocean.
13. Ceuta and Melilla are Spanish autonomous cities in North Africa.
14. Spain has more than 8,000 kilometres of coastline.

Government, Symbols and Culture

15. Spain is a parliamentary monarchy.
16. The national flag is red and yellow with the coat of arms.
17. Spain’s national day is October 12.
18. Madrid sits near the centre of mainland Spain.
19. The Alhambra in Granada is one of Spain’s best-known historic sites.
20. Antoni Gaudí’s Sagrada Família is a famous landmark in Barcelona.
21. Spain’s landscapes range from green Atlantic coasts to dry interior plateaus and volcanic islands.

Why Spain Is Interesting to Study

Spain is useful for studying peninsulas, islands, mountains, regional government and language diversity. Its territory spans both Europe and parts of North Africa, making its geography especially varied.

How We Check These Facts

Population figures are checked against Spain’s National Statistics Institute, INE. Geography and regional facts are checked against Spain’s official tourism and government sources.

Continue with France Facts for Kids, Germany Facts for Kids, or return to Geography Facts for Kids.

Trusted Sources

• INE — Population of Spain, July 1 2026
• Spain.info — Geography and landscape
• Spain.info — Society and population